Not
only is the climate in Spain one of the healthiest in Europe, it's health
service is excellent one of the lowest costs per head. There is a public
health care system in Spain offering free or low cost care to those contributing
towards Spanish social security (including the family and retirees). If
you are not entitled to healthcare, it is strongly recommended that you
opt for private cover, as you will be unable to gain residence without it.
The other good news about the health in Spain is average life expectancy. The Spanish in fact are classed as one of the world's healthiest race of people, with male expectancy to be around 75, and female around 80, the highest in the EU. This is partly due to the low number of heart disease cases (again dietary factors such as olive oil, red wine etc.. play a part). The way of life with reduced stress also is a major contributor to this healthier lifestyle. Do not become complacent however, as the sun is fierce in the summer months - and can cause a sever case of sunburn if not treated with caution.
Before your journey to Spain (particularly if you are looking to reside in the country) it is advisable to have a health check and find out the generic name for any prescribed medication (as it varies country to country). If you have preferred non prescription medication - it may be advisable to take this with you (as it may not be readily available). Details of adequate health cover for short periods (such as 4 weeks) can be found at your local post office, or most health insurance companies.
If you require permanent healthcare (as you looking to take residence) private cover is the way forward (and proof of this will be required when applying for residency), once your application for residency is granted, and you are contributing towards Spanish social security, you and your family should be entitled to free or subsidised medical & dental treatment, if you however, receive a state pension from another EEA country however, you should be entitled to this service (again you must check this with your solicitor at the time). Once this is granted, you will be issued with a social security card to show you are a member of INSULAD (the Spanish equivalent of Britain's NHS).
The number of state retirement homes are few and far between, and many foreigners end up returning home. It is advisable to plan ahead for this if you are thinking of taking up permanent residence in Spain - as there are private homes that can cater for your needs (of course at a cost).